Contents History Main article: Origins and growth: 1981 to 1995 In 1981, Microsoft hired, the primary developer of, the first, which was developed at. Simonyi started work on a word processor called Multi-Tool Word and soon hired, a former Xerox intern, who became the primary software engineer. Microsoft announced Multi-Tool Word for and MS-DOS in 1983. Its name was soon simplified to Microsoft Word. Free demonstration copies of the application were bundled with the November 1983 issue of, making it the first to be distributed on-disk with a. That year Microsoft demonstrated Word running on.
Unlike most MS-DOS programs at the time, Microsoft Word was designed to be used with a mouse. Advertisements depicted the, and described Word as a, windowed word processor with the ability to and display bold, italic, and underlined text, although it could not render. It was not initially popular, since its user interface was different from the leading word processor at the time,. However, Microsoft steadily improved the product, releasing versions 2.0 through 5.0 over the next six years. In 1985, Microsoft Word to. This was made easier by Word for DOS having been designed for use with high-resolution displays and laser printers, even though none were yet available to the general public.
Following the precedents of LisaWrite and MacWrite, Word for Mac OS added true WYSIWYG features. After its release, Word for Mac OS's sales were higher than its MS-DOS counterpart for at least four years.
The second release of Word for Mac OS, shipped in 1987, was named Word 3.0 to synchronize its version number with Word for DOS; this was Microsoft's first attempt to synchronize version numbers across platforms. Word 3.0 included numerous internal enhancements and new features, including the first implementation of the (RTF) specification, but was plagued with bugs. Within a few months, Word 3.0 was superseded by a more stable Word 3.01, which was mailed free to all registered users of 3.0.
After, Word for Mac OS never had any serious rivals. Word 5.1 for Mac OS, released in 1992, was a very popular word processor owing to its elegance, relative ease of use and feature set. Many users say it is the best version of Word for Mac OS ever created. In 1986, an agreement between and Microsoft brought Word to the under the name Microsoft Write. The Atari ST version was a port of Word 1.05 for the Mac OS and was never updated.
The first version of Word for Windows was released in 1989. With the release of the following year, sales began to pick up and Microsoft soon became the market leader for word processors for IBM PC-compatible computers.
Version 16.13.1 (Build 18052304) This release fixes an issue with diagnostic data settings. Here are the download links for the update packages: Word, Excel, PowerPoint, Outlook, and OneNote. Release Date: May 23, 2018. Version 16.13.1 (Build 18052203) * This release includes a General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) compliant end user notification.
In 1991, Microsoft capitalized on Word for Windows' increasing popularity by releasing a version of Word for DOS, version 5.5, that replaced its unique user interface with an interface similar to a Windows application. When Microsoft became aware of the, it made Microsoft Word 5.5 for DOS available for download free., it is still available for download from Microsoft's web site. In 1991, Microsoft embarked on a project code-named Pyramid to completely rewrite Microsoft Word from the ground up. Both the Windows and Mac OS versions would start from the same code base. It was abandoned when it was determined that it would take the development team too long to rewrite and then catch up with all the new capabilities that could have been added in the same time without a rewrite. Instead, the next versions of Word for Windows and Mac OS, dubbed version 6.0, both started from the code base of Word for Windows 2.0.
With the release of Word 6.0 in 1993, Microsoft again attempted to synchronize the version numbers and coordinate product naming across platforms, this time across DOS, Mac OS, and Windows (this was the last version of Word for DOS). It introduced AutoCorrect, which automatically fixed certain typing errors, and AutoFormat, which could reformat many parts of a document at once.
While the Windows version received favorable reviews (e.g., ), the Mac OS version was widely derided. Many accused it of being slow, clumsy and memory intensive, and its user interface differed significantly from Word 5.1.
In response to user requests, Microsoft offered Word 5 again, after it had been discontinued. Subsequent versions of Word for Mac OS X are no longer direct ports of Word for Windows, instead featuring a mixture of ported code and native code. Microsoft Word for Windows since 1995 A full-featured word processing program for Windows and Mac OS X from Microsoft. Available stand-alone or as part of the Microsoft Office suite, Word contains rudimentary desktop publishing capabilities and is the most widely used word processing program on the market. Word files are commonly used as the format for sending text documents via e-mail because almost every user with a computer can read a Word document by using the Word application, a Word viewer or a word processor that imports the Word format (see ). Word 95 for Windows was the first 32-bit version of the product, released with Office 95 around the same time as. It was a straightforward port of Word 6.0 and it introduced few new features, one of them being red-squiggle underlined spell-checking.
Starting with Word 95, releases of Word were named after the year of its release, instead of its version number. Microsoft Word for Mac OS and OSX since 1995 In 1997, Microsoft formed the as an independent group within Microsoft focused on writing software for Mac OS.
Its first version of Word, Word 98, was released with Office 98 Macintosh Edition. Document compatibility reached parity with Word 97, and it included features from Word 97 for Windows, including spell and grammar checking with squiggles.
Users could choose the menus and keyboard shortcuts to be similar to either Word 97 for Windows or Word 5 for Mac OS. Word 2001, released in 2000, added a few new features, including the, which allowed users to copy and paste multiple items. It was the last version to run on classic and, on, it could only run within the. Word X, released in 2001, was the first version to run natively on, and required, Mac OS X, and introduced non-contiguous text selection. Word 2004 was released in May 2004. It included a new Notebook Layout view for taking notes either by typing or by voice.
Other features, such as tracking changes, were made more similar with Office for Windows. Word 2008, released on January 15, 2008, included a Ribbon-like feature, called the Elements Gallery, that can be used to select page layouts and insert custom diagrams and images.
It also included a new view focused on publishing layout, integrated bibliography management, and native support for the new Office Open XML format. It was the first version to run natively on Intel-based Macs. Word 2010 allows more customization of the Ribbon, adds a Backstage view for file management, has improved document navigation, allows creation and embedding of screenshots, and integrates with. Word 2011, released in October 2010, replaced the Elements Gallery in favor of a Ribbon user interface that is much more similar to Office for Windows, and includes a full-screen mode that allows users to focus on reading and writing documents, and support for.
File formats File extensions Microsoft Word's native file formats are denoted either by a.doc or.docx file extension. Although the extension has been used in many different versions of Word, it actually encompasses four distinct file formats:. Word for DOS.
Word for Windows 1 and 2; Word 4 and 5 for Mac OS. Word 6 and Word 95 for Windows; Word 6 for Mac OS. Word 97 and later for Windows; Word 98 and later for Mac OS The newer.docx extension signifies the for Office documents and is used by Word 2007, 2010 and 2013 for Windows, Word 2008 and 2011 for Mac OSX, as well as by a growing number of applications from other vendors, including, an word processing program.
Binary formats (Word 97–2003) During the late 1990s and early 2000s, the default Word document format became a standard of for Microsoft Office users. Though usually just referred to as 'Word Document Format', this term refers primarily to the range of formats used by default in Word version 97-2003.
Word document files by using the Word 97-2003 Binary File Format implement (Object Linking and Embedding) to manage the structure of their file format. OLE behaves rather like a conventional hard drive file system and is made up of several key components. Each Word document is composed of so-called 'big blocks' which are almost always (but do not have to be) 512-byte chunks; hence a Word document's file size will in most cases be a multiple of 512. 'Storages' are analogues of the directory on a disk drive, and point to other storages or 'streams' which are similar to files on a disk.
The text in a Word document is always contained in the 'WordDocument' stream. The first big block in a Word document, known as the 'header' block, provides important information as to the location of the major data structures in the document. 'Property storages' provide metadata about the storages and streams in a doc file, such as where it begins and its name and so forth. The 'File information block' contains information about where the text in a Word document starts, ends, what version of Word created the document and other attributes.
Microsoft has published specifications for the Word 97-2003 Binary File Format. However, these specifications were criticised for not documenting all of the features used by Word binary file format. Word 2007 and later continue to support the DOC file format, although it is no longer the default. XML Document (Word 2003) Main article: The XML format introduced in Word 2003 was a simple, -based format called WordprocessingML. Cross-version compatibility Opening a Word Document file in a version of Word other than the one with which it was created can cause incorrect display of the document. The document formats of the various versions change in subtle and not so subtle ways (such as changing the font, or the handling of more complex tasks like footnotes). Formatting created in newer versions does not always survive when viewed in older versions of the program, nearly always because that capability does not exist in the previous version.
(RTF), an early effort to create a format for interchanging formatted text between applications, is an optional format for Word that retains most formatting and all content of the original document. Third-party formats permitting the Windows versions of Word to read and write formats it does not natively support, such as format (ODF) (ISO/IEC ), are available. Up until the release of (SP2) for Office 2007, Word did not natively support reading or writing ODF documents without a plugin, namely the or the.
With SP2 installed, ODF format 1.1 documents can be read and saved like any other supported format in addition to those already available in Word 2007. The implementation faces, and the and others have claimed that the third-party plugins provide better support. Microsoft later declared that the ODF support has some limitations. In October 2005, one year before the Microsoft Office 2007 suite was released, Microsoft declared that there was insufficient demand from Microsoft customers for the international standard OpenDocument format support, and that therefore it would not be included in Microsoft Office 2007. This statement was repeated in the following months.
As an answer, on October 20, 2005 an online petition was created to demand ODF support from Microsoft. In May 2006, the ODF plugin for Microsoft Office was released by the OpenDocument Foundation. Microsoft declared that it had no relationship with the developers of the plugin. In July 2006, Microsoft announced the creation of the Open XML Translator project – tools to build a technical bridge between the Microsoft Office Open XML Formats and the OpenDocument Format (ODF).
This work was started in response to government requests for interoperability with ODF. The goal of project was not to add ODF support to Microsoft Office, but only to create a plugin and an external toolset. In February 2007, this project released a first version of the ODF plugin for Microsoft Word. In February 2007, Sun released an initial version of its ODF plugin for Microsoft Office.
Version 1.0 was released in July 2007. Microsoft Word 2007 (Service Pack 1) supports (for output only) and formats, but only after manual installation of the Microsoft 'Save as PDF or XPS' add-on. On later releases, this was offered by default. Image formats.
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